Friction shock-absorbing mechanism



Apr. 3,' 1923. 1,450,383.

' J. F. OCONNOR. v

FmcTloN sHocK AsoRBlNe MECHANISM.

FILED MAY 5| 1920- mmm . /Q Ag gy/gw' Patented Apr. 3, 1923.

FRICTION. SHOGKLAB'SORBING- Application faealiitayv 6,

To` all whom imag/#concern Beit `known-that I, JOHN F. OCoNNoR, a citizen-"of UnitedI States, :residing at Chicago, in -the county of Cook and. State ,5 of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvementi in Friction- ShockL Absorbing i Mechanism, of which the following isa fnlhaclear; concise,` and ezgact description, refe-rence being had-*to the accom- 19 panying-drawings, forming-a part of this specication.

This invention relates to improvements in friction shock absorbing mechanism.

lOne objectjof#this-"invention is toprovide 1,5 a high capacity friction" shook absorbing mechanism*"espeeially adapted? forf railway draft riggingswherein a plurality of. sets ofdevicesj are employed'. ir'rtandem' relation, the movable and @imperatingv friction: ele- 20 ments presenting a large niunber ofiflat friction surfaces to thereby obtainlhigh capacity. The invention furthermore Vconsists in the improvements in the vparts and devices and in the novel combinationsofthe-parts and devices herein shown, described andi made thezsubject5`matter of'claim*1 y Inthedrawing forming a part ofthis specification, Figure 1 is a; horizontal" longitudinalfseetiona'l'A view of a portion of-f' a railway; draft riggingv showing improvements in connection there'v'vith.` y Figure 2" is la verticalE transverse sectional' viewy taken substantially on the line'2f21of'Figure 1. Figure Sjifsa longitudinal verticals'e'etional view taken lcentrally of L the mechanism but omitting theyoke'and saddle plate and showing thfevend'main followers'in elevation. And Figure 4 is anQendelevation off one of the friction spring, caps. 49 In said drawing, lO-YIO denote channel shapedcenter or draft sills f' ofy arailway car tothe innerfaces of Which 'aresecuredffront stopv lugs 1:1V andjrear s topylugs 1291A portion; of"aa ldrawbar is;v indicated at 1 3,=`the same having'secnredthereto af yokeis'trap 14 ofi well known form which encircles the 4shock absorbing mechanism` proper, and front and rear followers 15`V and 161. The

parts areadapted; tof be supported-by ar de- 50 thablzsll*plaie 17; i .c

The' improved shock absorbing mecha 19,20'.` serialize.y Bram?,` v

nism, as l shown, comprises,` a-kv castingo-r lfricf tionshellfA; eight endfwedges-fB'-Bf; eight intermediate w'edgesfC-V-G; s iX springfcaps D Df; and' three trar'isverselyl arranged 55 springsE.' l f Thefriotion-shell A isof ho-llowfbo- Xlike form,` Aopen at each end: The interior-o ffithe shell'providesupperv andlowen friction surfacesV 18 and@ 19 `andside friction surifaces 2O 60 and 21, allof saidsurfaces'- beingAlatiand-ex.n tending the full-length-oflthe shell'. As Iwill Y be obvious, the side surfaces20i andi21. are atv right langles to the -upper and lower surfaces-1 8 and(vl 19.- y' f f 66 Each off-the endwedgesZ provided with-three surfaces 1225,' 255 and 24 which-are arranged'I at"I rightangles to-eai 1hl other; the surfacef 221`cooperajzirigvl with ahorizontal friction surface ofi the' shell; i thejsurrfgaoel 23 70 with a vertical frictionsurface-of 'th'egshelh and the surface or face 24 with theadjacent follower.- f In addition, each/wedge B.` lis providedj with a diagonalioiffinclined wedging face 25, said'wedgefaoes coinciding 75 with planes-which intersectlat an angleother than a rightA angle, all' o-fftheginterior fric'- tion'surface'sf l8jto; 21E of the shell AL'. AAs will be clear from' the draw-ing, thel'wedges B1. are arranged inf twoendfsets, four toeachv set, each wedge being disposed inla' c'orne'r'of-'the frictionfsliellas'shown in' Figure 2.2 I

' EachlofK he intermediate-wedgesfCcomprises, inl` reality, two wedges similar to the end1 wledfges; B but arrangedback tolback. 35 Eachwedger'C has twoouter friction sur-faces v 2 6 and'27'at rightl anglestoeach other and cooperating; with two intersecting interior frictinjsurfaces; ofl the shell, andtwo-opfposite'ly inclined? wedge surfaces-'28;-and 29, 90 i theflatterfbeinglbest# indicated inF-igurez f Each of-thefri'ctionspring'caps D isfof substantially.n rectangularoutline `-and is entral'ly recessed 'to provide afcylindriealpocket 3Q to, accomI nodajte a' part off asprin'g 95 At its-outer?end;rnv tliatfisthe endfiadjacent Y the side wall ofithefrictionfs`,hell`,Y each capi) isA beveled at its` four Ycor-ners as indicated` at 31431'V tof; cooperate withthe; 'corresponding wedgesB and- (d4 with whichit is 'in fengage'-, 10U mentiy As -w-ill be'seen from insp ctioii'v 'of `Figure 1",thefinner--opposededgesoithe caps" D are normally spaced as indicated at 32 so as to permit relative transverse movement toward each other and also said caps are suitably spaced from each other and from the followers to permit relative longitudinal movement between `the parts.

With the construction shown, it is evident that, upon relative approach of the followers, the series of wedges B and C will move lengthwise of the shell and so approach each other as to, in eiect, squeeze out the spring caps D, the latter being forced laterally toward each other and also. moving lengthwise of the shell with the exception of the central set of spring caps D which are preferably held against longitudinal movement with respect tothe shell by a bolt 33 extending transversely of the shell and upon which the caps are slidably mounted. By arranging the various friction surfaces as described, the wedges B and C are pressed out in directions diagonally of the shell so as to thereby obtain friction on all four interior surfaces of the shell. Friction will also be generated between the various wedges and the spring caps, there being a total of fifty-six sets of cooperating flat friction suri faces so that I obtain unusually high frictional capacity and large wearing areas. Furthermore,'all of the parts are such as may be readily manufactured in the form of castings without the necessityof machining or employment of special skill in finishing or assembling the mechanism.

I claim:

l. In a friction shock absorbing mechanism, the combination with a friction shell l having a plurality of interior longitudinally extending friction surfaces; of series of friction wedges arranged in tandem formation, each series being disposed `in an angle formed by two of the shell friction surfaces and cooperable with the latter; pairs of friction spring caps also arranged in tandem formation and each cooperable with a plurality of said wedges; and a spring resistance between each pair of spring caps. i

2. In a friction shock absorbing mechanism, the combination with a friction shell having an interior of rectangular cross section and provided .with four longitudinall,1 extending friction surfaces; of a plurality of friction-wedges symmetrically arranged with respect to the shell on the interior thereof, each friction-wedge having two outer friction surfaces at right angles to each other and cooperable with two intersectlng vfriction surfaces of the shell, and a third wedge-friction surface inclined with respectto the axis of the shell and the friction surfaces thereof; a plurality of friction spring caps within the shelland cooperable with said friction-wedges; and spring means cooperable-with said caps, each cap having four friction-,wedge surfaces at the corners thereof `frictionwedges.

3. In a friction shock absorbing mechanism, the combination with a friction shell having four interior longitudinally extending Hat friction surfaces arranged at right angles to each other; of four series of friction-wedges within the shell, each series becooperable with four ing located in a corner of the shell and cooperable with two friction surfaces of the shell; a plurality` of sets of friction spring caps, said caps and wedges having cooperatying wedge faces arranged at an angle to the axis of the shell; and transversely arranged springs interposed between the sets of caps.

4. In a friction shock absorbing mechanism, the combination with a friction shell of substantially rectangular formation and open at leach end, the shell having four interior longitudinally extending friction surfaces intersecting at right angles; of a series of friction-wedges in each interior corner of the shell, each wedge having two outer friction surfaces cooperable with two intersecting g friction surfaces of the shell and a wedge surface inclined to the axis of the shell; a plurality of pairs of friction spring "caps, each cap having four wedge surfaces at the corners thereof at its outer ends and cooperthe shell, said wedges being movable relav tively longitudinally of the shell and cooperable with the friction surfaces thereof, one end set of said friction wedges remaining stationary during a compression stroke; pairs of spring caps also arranged in tandem formation within the shell and each having wedging faces cooperable with the wedging friction surfacesl of a plurality of said wedges, all of said springcaps being movable longitudinally and laterally of the l shell; and a spring resistance between each pair of spring caps.A Y

6. In a friction shock absorbing mechanism; the combination of a longitudinally movable friction shell having a plurality of interior longitudinally extending friction surfaces angularly arranged with reference to each other; of aV series of friction wedges arranged in tandem formation and each wedge having a wedging friction surface inclined ywith respect to Atwoof saidangularly arranged friction surfaces, said friction Wedges al1 being movable relatively 1ongitudinally of the shell and cooperable with the friction surfaces thereof; pairs of friotion spring caps also arranged in tandem formation Within the shell and each having wedge faces cooperable with the Wedging friction surfaces of a plurality of said Wedges; and a spring resistance between each lpair of spring caps.

In Witness that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto subscribed my name this 30th day of Apr., 1920.

. JOHN F. OCONNOR. Witness:

CARRE GAILING. 

